NSXT said:
That would be a rather unsafe towing situation.
Agreed!
There are many ratings to consider:
GVW - Gross Vehicle weight(s) (for both tow vehicle AND trailer)
CGVW - Combined Gross Vehicle Weight
Hitch Rating
Ball Rating
Traier Tongue Rating
The
GVW is the rating that the manufacturer has determined to be max allowable load for this vehicle. All wheels on weight scale.
The
CGVW is the combined weight of the tow vehicle and the towed load.
Tow vehicle and trailer(s) on weight scale.
Hitch Rating is the max allowable load that this hitch is designed to pull. This is limited to the materials that are used in the construction of the hitch. There are a number of "ball hitch" classes: Class I, Class II, Class III. Goose Neck, 5th wheel, etc. have different ratings. These Class ratings are dependent upon correct installation (proper grade bolts / welded).
Ball Rating is the shear strength of the bolt/shaft.
Trailer Tongue Rating is the weight of the tongue only (downforce). Most hitches are rated 500# or less for the tongue. It is easy to overload the tongue weight by having a trailer that is too short. Having a trailer that is too short does not allow for a good balance of the load. This can allow for a tongue weight to be too heavy or even worse (MUCH WORSE) a tail heavy trailer condition. The pivot point of the hitch acts as a fulcrom and either places more or less load on the front/rear axles of the tow vehicle. A properly designed hitch allows for some distribution of the tongue weight. There are some devices that assist with the distribution of weight/load such as a "Hitch Equalizer". These devices are generally found on larger type trailers.
LOSS OF STEERING CONTROLL is possible with an improperly loaded trailer!
So you can see that the
GVW can stay below the mfg's specs with a tongue weight of 500# or less. It is really the
CGVW that you need to consider. It is this rating that needs to be considered for max safe towing capacity of the tow vehicle. This rating is determined by the tow vehicle's ability to operate within its design limits and to stop safely while towing the max load. It is easy to overload the
GVW when adding 500# tongue weight, full fuel, passengers, baggage, etc. Be careful with what you put into the vehicle. With a properly sized trailer much of this extra weight can be hauled on the trailer, thus keeping the tow vehicle
GVW within limits.
Remember that when these max ratings are determined that they are less than the failure point. Hazardous road conditions can create a situation that will challenge the driver and a loss of control can easily stress the tow vehicle, hitch, and trailer past the design loads. Grossly overstressing the hitch/trailer componants can cause extreme damage to the tow vehicle and/or trailer. Hitch breakage or separation is possible.
ALWAYS, ALWAYS, ALWAYS make sure that the safety chains are rated properly and attached properly. Use properly rated chain, chain hooks or clevis to attach safety chains. DO NOT use quick couplers! Quick couplers are NOT rated for use on a safety chain. They will break under a severe load!
Make sure that your trailer brakes (if installed) are functioning properly. If your trailer has electric brakes it requires a "Break-Away Battery" ; make sure it is wired properly and is in good condition with a good state of charge. If your trailer has hydrolyc "Surge Brakes" make sure that the system is operating properly. Just as you would not want to operate your motor vehicle with faulty brakes you also would not operate your trailer with faulty brakes.
Seeing tow vehicle and trailers operated in an usafe manner really makes me mad. Not only is the operator endangering himself, his passengers, and his equipment, he is also endangering everyone else on the road near him. I regularly see underrated safety chains and chain latches or safety chains dragging on the ground. Trailers improperly loaded (tongue heavy, tail heavy, or simply over loaded). Tow vehicles over max CGVW. Etc, etc, etc.
If uncertain about any of these Ratings you can contact the Dealer with your VIN# or the hitch / trailer manufacturer to confirm these ratings. Most new vehicles that come with a "Tow Package" from the manufacturer have the
GVW / CGVW attached to the vehicle by means of a sticker (usually the same sticker that has VIV# and other info placed in a door jamb).
I hope that this helps those that are unfamilliar with trailers and towing a load. With the right equipment it can be done safely and with minimal worries. For those that are inexperienced with pulling a trailer just be aware that things can happen quickly and to allow a little more distance between you and the next car, braking distance is increased, acceleration is slower, etc. Experience will come over time and many miles traveled. Just give yourself this time to gain the experience and you can have many safe miles ahead of you.